The Big Island’s Cross-Island Drive: Exploring Saddle Road

The Big Island of Hawaii is a place of immense natural beauty, offering a diverse landscape that ranges from sandy beaches to lush rainforests and volcanic deserts. One of the most iconic routes encapsulating this diversity is the Saddle Road, officially known as Daniel K. Inouye Highway. Stretching approximately 52 miles from Hilo on the eastern side to the junction near the Kona coast on the western side, Saddle Road provides an unparalleled cross-island experience. This drive is a convenient route across the island and a journey through some of the most unique environments on Earth.

Historical Background

Saddle Road was initially constructed in the 1940s by the U.S. Army as a military access route. Its purpose was to facilitate the movement of troops and equipment during World War II. It remained a rugged, narrow, and often treacherous road for decades, gaining a reputation for being one of Hawaii’s most dangerous highways. Over the years, significant improvements have been made, transforming it into a safer and more accessible route for locals and tourists. The modernization of Saddle Road was completed in the early 2010s, making it a vital link between Hilo and Kona.

Starting the Journey: Hilo to the Saddle Road

Beginning your journey in Hilo, the eastern gateway to Saddle Road, you’ll find yourself in a city known for its lush greenery and abundant rainfall. Hilo is home to several attractions worth visiting before you embark on the cross-island drive. The Hilo Farmers Market, Liliuokalani Gardens, and the Pacific Tsunami Museum offer a glimpse into the local culture and history. As you leave Hilo, the road begins its ascent, and the scenery gradually changes from the dense tropical rainforests to the open, grassy slopes of the Big Island’s interior.

Climbing to the Saddle: Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa

One of the most striking features of the Saddle Road drive is the view of Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, two of the island’s tallest volcanoes. Standing at 13,796 feet, Mauna Kea is the highest point in Hawaii and one of the world’s premier astronomical observatories. Mauna Loa, slightly shorter but more massive, is the largest volcano on Earth by volume. The road between these two giants is called the “saddle,” which gives the road its name.

As you drive, the terrain becomes more rugged and volcanic. The landscape here is dominated by lava flows from past eruptions, creating an otherworldly environment. There are several pullouts where you can stop to take in the breathtaking views and snap photos. If you have time, consider a detour up to the Maunakea Visitor Information Station, situated at 9,200 feet above sea level. This detour offers an opportunity to learn more about the astronomical research conducted on the mountain and, if you’re lucky, catch a glimpse of the telescopes dotting the summit.

Pu’u Huluhulu: A Volcanic Hill and Nature Trail

Approximately halfway along Saddle Road, you will encounter Pu’u Huluhulu, a volcanic hill that offers one of the best short hikes on the Big Island. This area serves as a nature reserve and starkly contrasts the surrounding lava fields. The trail to the top of Pu’u Huluhulu is relatively easy and takes about 20 minutes each way. From the summit, you are rewarded with panoramic views of both Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa and the vast lava plains between them.

Kipuka and Subalpine Regions

As you continue your journey westwards, you’ll enter the Kipuka Pu’u Huluhulu area, where recent lava flows have surrounded patches of older vegetation. These “kipukas” are ecological islands that provide a unique habitat for native plants and animals. The Saddle Road also passes through subalpine regions where the elevation creates a cooler climate and different vegetation types, including native mamane and naio trees.

Pōhakuloa Training Area

One notable landmark along Saddle Road is the Pōhakuloa Training Area, a significant military training ground used by the U.S. Army. This area is restricted, but it highlights the ongoing military presence on the island and the strategic importance of Saddle Road. While you can’t enter the training area, its proximity reminds you of the road’s origins and historical significance.

Descending Towards Kona

As you begin the descent towards the western side of the island, the environment changes once again. The Kona region’s arid and sunny climate contrasts sharply with Hilo’s lush greenery. You’ll pass through vast fields of lava rock interspersed with hardy vegetation adapted to the drier conditions. This part of the drive offers sweeping views of the Pacific Ocean and the Kona coast.

Activities and Attractions Near Kona

Upon reaching the end of Saddle Road near the junction with the Mamalahoa Highway, you are just a short drive away from some of the Big Island’s best attractions. The Kona region is famous for its coffee plantations, snorkeling spots, and historic sites. Consider visiting the Pu’uhonua o Honaunau National Historical Park, where you can learn about ancient Hawaiian culture and enjoy the serene coastal scenery. For coffee enthusiasts, a tour of a Kona coffee farm is a must-do activity.

Practical Tips for Driving Saddle Road

Driving Saddle Road requires some preparation, especially for those unfamiliar with the terrain and conditions, such as:

• Vehicle Choice: While the road is now paved and in good condition, having a vehicle with good handling can enhance your comfort, especially if you plan to explore off the main route.
• Weather Conditions: The weather can change rapidly, particularly at higher elevations. Be prepared for rain, fog, and cooler temperatures, even if it’s sunny in Hilo or Kona.
• Fuel: Ensure you have enough fuel, as Saddle Road has limited refueling options. It’s best to start with a full tank.
• Safety: Drive cautiously and be mindful of speed limits. The road is well-maintained, but some sections have sharp curves and steep gradients.
• Amenities: There are few amenities along the way, so bring water, snacks, and any other essentials you might need for the trip.

The Saddle Road offers one of the most dramatic and diverse drives on the Big Island of Hawaii. From the lush rainforests of Hilo to the volcanic landscapes between Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, and finally, the sunny coasts of Kona, this cross-island route provides a unique opportunity to experience the island’s varied environments. 

Whether you’re a local or a visitor, exploring Saddle Road is an adventure that showcases Hawaii’s raw beauty and geological wonders. However, if you or a loved one sustained a serious injury while vacationing in Hawaii, you should meet with an experienced Hawaii personal injury attorney as soon as possible. Call the law firm of Leavitt, Yamane & Soldner at (808) 537-2525 or fill out our online contact form to schedule a free consultation.